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Faculty member explores how technology may or may not transform our lives.

Artificial intelligence, also referred to as AI, is a term widely used in movies, businesses, and governments. It has been portrayed as being able to take over the world, such as in the movie, The Terminator, or as a solution to nearly all the world’s problems—if applied correctly. However, there is some level of misconception when talking, using, or applying AI in technology.

AI is an umbrella term that incorporates training machines to perform tasks only humans are capable of doing. It also includes automating tasks or calculating complex formulas and equations. Essentially, AI is building machines that can do everything a human can do and possibly more. 

One of the often-heard misconceptions is that AI machines will “take my job” or “outperform me.” But is that true? It is possible, for example, in the transportation industry. There is a high demand for truck drivers transporting goods from coast to coast—an industry known for long hours, short deadlines, and dwindling numbers of long-haul drivers. As a result, AI is being tested on a regular basis to support the lack of drivers in a partial or fully automated role and to maintain a consistent high level of performance.

In essence, job roles are changing to a human intervention role, not necessarily replacing humans. This paradigm holds true in other industries as well: agriculture, finance, and health care.

What about outperforming? Does this mean an AI machine can “outperform me” as a human? The answer is yes and no. An AI machine can become very good at a task that it is trained on within given parameters. This is known as Machine Learning or ML under the AI umbrella. In this case, an AI can learn and then attempt to predict certain outcomes based on the given parameters. We must remember, however, that AI is still in no way human. Humans have a far greater ability not only to learn new concepts on a specific set of parameters, but also to expand and relate that to other aspects of life and reality. An AI machine is only as good as the data sets and parameters we set.

Will AI solve humanity’s problems? This is a difficult and complex question to answer. We, as a community, need to look at AI and AI technologies in a community-centric way. The impact of these technologies is significant. Therefore, the community has a role in its development, especially to identify and understand its impact on society. This role can be in the form of active reflective and consultative processes, viewing the technologies through the lens of humanity, values, and principles. In the end, it is important for all of us to influence
the technology, rather than for the technology to influence us.

It was just about three years ago, Ammar Mohrat recalls, that he started to think his future was a dead end, another casualty of the war in Syria.

At age 23, he was effectively an exile who had been away from his city, his parents, and the family home since he was 20. Before that time, he had been studying computer engineering in college in the city of Homs, where he had grown up and where his family operated a farm and supermarket.

But the Syria of his childhood did not last. In March 2011, peaceful springtime protests for free speech and democratic rights were met with arrests and violence from leader Bashar al-Assad. More protests and yet more crackdowns descended into what was first a civil war, but has since broadened into a larger, more chaotic conflict, as the Islamic State and other combatants have moved in and grabbed territory. Millions of people have fled to other nations in what has become the largest refugee crisis since World War II. The Mohrat family story is part of the diaspora.

war

Mohrat’s parents persuaded their son to leave Syria late in 2011. What Americans would consider some mild pro-democracy social media activities on his part, and participation in peaceful early protests, put him in too much danger with the ruling government, they feared. He left in December, leaving college behind, too. He and one of his brothers tried finding work in Dubai, on the Arabian Gulf, for months, but to no avail. He kept up the numerous contacts he had made on Facebook over the months and traveled around the region, landing not once, not twice, but three times, in Jordan. By then he was hoping for asylum in the United States, looking for a way back to college through new aid programs, hoping for a way to start again. But nothing seemed to be adding up. Two institutions extended him offers of partial scholarships, but neither was enough for a young man whose family was scattering, and whose funds had been exhausted.

“I was sitting in Jordan, doing nothing, thinking [to myself]: You have no future.” Shortly, though, he heard back from Saint Leo University, which had joined a new consortium trying to help displaced Syrian scholars and offered Mohrat a partial scholarship. When he had to decline the offer with the explanation that he “would not be able to pay the rest of the money,” Saint Leo asked him to write more about his story and circumstances.

He complied and was extended an offer of free tuition, room and board.

“I was so excited, so lucky.” His journey to Saint Leo was about to start. It was July 2013. A friend from the Syrian expatriate Facebook community gave him the airfare.

Once Mohrat reached Saint Leo, he was immediately enrolled in the Bridge Program, which helps international students improve their English-language skills for the demands of academic work. It also helps them adapt to American culture and society, and proved to be a wonderful way to make friends.

I really want to meet everyone who donated money for me to be here. I think that it is so nice to change somebody’s life

With his natural ambition and optimism revived, Mohrat has excelled academically. “If I get a B, it is really annoying to me.” He did not mind that he had to start all over again as a freshman and complete all of Saint Leo’s liberal arts requirements. He has chosen the computer science major and is typically on the Dean’s List. In the Fall 2015 Semester, he was among the first group of Saint Leo students inducted into a brand-new chapter of an academic honor society for the information and computing sciences. Now a junior, he is working on a possible business plan and starting to think about graduate school.

Ammar MohratAt the same time, Mohrat is having a well-rounded social experience at college and is exploring American culture. For Paige Ramsey-Hamacher, director of Multicultural and International Services, it is gratifying to see the 25-year-old regularly attend campus activities, speaking events, and programs, “to embrace this culture, and of course, this university.” He joined the Tau Kappa Epsilon (TKE) fraternity, whose slogan is “Better Men for a Better World.”

Mohrat also befriended through Facebook another young man from Syria who was looking for a college in the United States. Mohrat successfully encouraged him to try Saint Leo through the regular international admission process (not the one-time scholarship Mohrat maintains).

That is what others have done for Mohrat, he reflects: guided him when he needed it. Much of the help he has received has been financial. One Syrian expatriate helped him buy textbooks, for instance. Another donated to him an older vehicle, a 1993 Lexus, which allows him to go to work at a part-time job in Tampa and earn money. (He recently got a work permit and wants to earn enough money to visit his family, most of whom are now in Turkey; he speaks with his parents there weekly by Skype.) He looks forward to the day when he is successful and can help others in such ways. In the meantime, he wants to express a profound gratitude. “I really want to meet everyone who donated money for me to come here. I think that it is so nice to change somebody’s life.’’